What is Neurodiversity?

When it comes to inclusion, neurodiversity refers to a world where neurological differences are recognised and respected as all other human variations.

Depending on how our brains are wired, we think, move, process information, and communicate in different ways. Many people in our community use neurodiversity as an umbrella term to describe alternative thinking styles such as Dyslexia, DCD (Dyspraxia), Dyscalculia, autism, and ADHD. But regardless of labels, neurodiversity is about recognising those who think differently. And whether you are a school, a university, or an organisation, you can benefit from diverse thinkers!

Approximately 15-20% of the population has a neurological difference. Instead of labelling people with deficits or disorders, using the term neurodiversity takes a balanced view of an individual’s unique strengths and challenges. Many ‘challenges’ neurodivergent people face are more to do with the environment and systems they are placed in, often designed by the majority population.

What are the different conditions associated with Neurodiversity?

ADHD 

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that affects people's behaviour. People with ADHD can seem restless, may have trouble concentrating and may act on impulse.

Symptoms of ADHD usually start before the age of 12. They involve a person’s ability to pay attention (being inattentive), high energy levels (being hyperactive), and impulse control (being impulsive).

A child or young person may show signs of being inattentive, such as:

• being easily distracted
• finding it hard to listen to what people are saying or to follow instructions
• forgetting everyday tasks, like brushing their teeth or putting on socks

They may show signs of being hyperactive and impulsive, including:

• having high energy levels
• fidgeting or tapping their hands and feet
• talking noisily
• feeling restless, or getting up and moving around when they’re supposed to sit still
• finding it hard to wait their turn, or interrupting conversations

Most children and young people with ADHD have symptoms of both the inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive type. Some only show signs of one type.

ADHD is thought to be recognised less often in girls than boys. This may be because girls with ADHD more commonly have inattentive symptoms, and these can be harder to recognise.

Autism

Autism is a difference in processing that can affect many areas of a person’s life. Autistic people often experience differences in how they process information, their sensory environment and how they interact with other people.

An Autism assessment will identify what strengths, differences, and needs someone may have, how those can be supported at home and at school, and address any concerns.

Most importantly, it can help someone understand their differences and navigate the world around them.

AuADHD

AuDHD refers to individuals who have both autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This co-occurrence brings unique strengths and challenges, as traits may complement or conflict with one another, such as a need for routine alongside novelty-seeking. People with AuDHD often face anxiety, executive functioning difficulties, and burnout but may also show strong creativity and intense focus on special interests.